Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

Effects of Depression, Social Support of Tuberculosis Patients on Self-care: Go Un Lee, Hye Kyung Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(4):456-464. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.4.456

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Purpose
The purpose of this study was by understanding the correlation between the depression, social support and self-care of tuberculosis patients and by identifying the factors that influence the self-care. Methods: The study subjects were 119 outpatients who were diagnosed with pulmonary and respiratory tuberculosis at a university hospital in D city. The survey questions measured depression, social support, self-care. Using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlations and multiple regression analysis. Results: As a result of correlation analysis, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between self-care and depression (r=-.53, p<.001), and there was a significant positive correlation between self-care and social support (r=.68, p<.001). Factors affecting self-care of the subjects were social support (β=.51, p<.001), depression (β=-.32, p<.001), drug discontinuation experience (β=-.30, p<.001) and drug resistance (β=-.14, p<.001). These factors explained 62% of the variance. Conclusion: In order to improve the self-care ability of tuberculosis patients, it is necessary to develop education and nursing intervention programs that can lower patients' depression and strengthen social support.

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Factors Influencing the Medication Adherence in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Bongsil Lim, Min Young Kim
The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2023; 26(2): 87. CrossRef

Development of the Self-Care Non-adherence Risk Assessment Scale for Patients with Chronic Illness: Mi Rae Jo, Hee Young Oh; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):415-429. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.415

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop the Self-Care Non-adherence Risk Assessment Scale (SCNRAS) for patients with chronic illness in South Korea.
Methods
This study was conducted from April to July, 2020 and utilized a convenience sampling method to recruit 336 patients with chronic illness from three hospitals located in South Korea. The content, factorial structure, item-convergent/discriminant validity, convergent validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability of the scale were evaluated. The data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Cronbach’s ⍺, and intra-class correlation coefficient.
Results
The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded six-factors. Convergent validity was demonstrated using measures of defining issues. Internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s ⍺ of .65~.81 and an intra-class correlation coefficient of .93~.98. The Self-Care Non-adherence Risk Assessment Scale for patients with chronic illness is a new instrument that comprehensively measures the knowledge, skill, physical function status, access to health care, social support, motivation, and confidence. It comprises 18 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale. The validity and reliability of the scale were verified. Conclusion: The scale developed through this study is expected to screen those who need nursing intervention early by predicting the self-care non-adherence risk group.

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Effects of self-care intervention using a mobile instant messenger on hemodialysis patient’s knowledge, self-efficacy, self-care behavior and physiological index
Yu Kyung Shin, Mi Young Kim
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2024; 26(2): 123. CrossRef
Development of a Conceptual Framework for Non-Adherence to Self-Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Exploratory Study
Ja Yun Choi, Eui Jeong Ryu, So Young Yun, Sehyun Cho
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2024; 36(2): 126. CrossRef

The Effects of Self-efficacy and Self-stigma on Self-care in People with Diabetes: Ka Woun Seo; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(1):86-94. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.1.86

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This descriptive study investigated the effects of self-efficacy and self-stigma on self-care in people with diabetes. Methods: The study included a total of 377 patients with diabetes enrolled in university hospitals in D city and public health centers in S city. Data were collected from 1 July to 31 August, 2017, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Diabetes self-care was positively correlated with diabetes self-efficacy, whereas it was negatively correlated with diabetes self-stigma. Participants’ education level, marital status, perceived health status, type of medication, self-efficacy, and self-stigma explained 42.4% of the variance in diabetes self-care. Conclusion: The findings indicate that diabetes self-efficacy and self-stigma are important factors for improving self-care in patients with diabetes. Therefore, systematic programs for enhancing self-efficacy and reducing self-stigma of these individuals should be developed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

“Shame on Me”: Exploring the Role of Self-Stigma in Psychological Outcomes Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Hong Kong
Nelson C. Y. Yeung, Eric Kam Pui Lee, Alice Pik Shan Kong, Maria Kwan Wa Leung
International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.2024; 31(2): 241. CrossRef
Bringing an end to diabetes stigma and discrimination: an international consensus statement on evidence and recommendations
Jane Speight, Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott, Matthew Garza, Renza Scibilia, Sabina Wagner, Asuka Kato, Victor Pedrero, Sonya Deschênes, Susan J Guzman, Kevin L Joiner, Shengxin Liu, Ingrid Willaing, Katie M Babbott, Bryan Cleal, Jane K Dickinson, Jennifer A H
The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.2024; 12(1): 61. CrossRef
“Diabetes is really simple on paper, but really complicated when you actually have it”: Understanding the daily stressors of adolescents living with Type 1 diabetes
Kaitlyn Rechenberg, Carley Geiss, Rebecca Koerner, Nicole Ríos, Usha Menon
Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effect of Stigmatization on Diabetes Health Promotion Self‐Care Behaviours and Predictors of Stigma and Self‐Care Behaviours in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Eda Kilinç İşleyen, İrem Nur Özdemir
International Journal of Nursing Practice.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Type 2 diabetes stigma and its association with clinical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Samuel Akyirem, Emmanuel Ekpor, Diana Namumbejja Abwoye, Janene Batten, LaRon E. Nelson
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2023; 202: 110774. CrossRef
Stigma perception and determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraq
Taqi M. J. Taher, Hussein A. Ahmed, Ali A. Abutiheen, Shaymaa A. Alfadhul, Hasanain F. Ghazi
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Mediating Effect of Acceptance Action in the Relationship between Diabetes Distress and Self-stigma among Old Adults with Diabetes in South Korea
Hyesun Kim, Kawoun Seo
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(4): 446. CrossRef

The Effects of the Level of Health Literacy and Self-care Activities on Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes in Korea: Soo Jin Kang, Chanho Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(2):189-198. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.2.189

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify levels of health literacy and examine the effects of health literacy and self-care activities on quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
A cross sectional design was used. Questionnaires were administered via the Gallup to 500 Korean patients with diabetes in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t tests, one way ANOVA, and hierarchical regression.
Results
Of 500 patients, 12.4% (n=62) indicated ‘inadequate’ health literacy, and 43.8% (n=219) reported ‘marginal’ or ‘adequate’ health literacy. Levels of health literacy significantly differed by demographic characteristics, self-care activities, and quality of life. The factors that had a significant effect on quality of life included inadequate health literacy (B=3.63, p=.042) and marginal health literacy (B=3.84, p=.002); however, no significant relationship was found for self-care activities (B=0.01, p=.827).
Conclusion
The results of this study demonstrate a need for further research with large samples using Korean Health Literacy Scale for Diabetes Mellitus to establish the relationships between health literacy, diabetes self-care activities, and quality of life.

Citations

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The Mediating Role of Acceptance Action and Self-Care in Diabetes Self-Stigma’s Impact on Type 2 Diabetes Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study
Kawoun Seo
Behavioral Sciences.2023; 13(12): 993. CrossRef
Selected health behaviors associated with health literacy and digital health literacy
Eun Jin Choi, Heeran Chun, Woosung Kwak
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2022; 39(5): 81. CrossRef
Effect of Disease-related Knowledge and Health Enhancement Lifestyle on Self-management Behavior among Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
Hoo Jeung CHO, Euna PARK
THE JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2022; 34(2): 219. CrossRef
The Relationships Among Health Literacy, Illness Perception, and Diabetes Self-Care in Korean-Speaking Immigrants With Diabetes
Suwon Park, Yaewon Seo
Clinical Nursing Research.2022; 31(7): 1234. CrossRef

The Effect of Health Literacy and Self-care Performance on Health Care Utilization of Medicaid Elderly: Yun Hee Hwang, Ga Eon Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(4):484-493. Published online December 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.4.484

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of health literacy and self-care performance on health care utilization of medicaid elderly.
METHODS
A total of 203 medicaid elderly over 65 and living in B-metropolitan city were interviewed. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Hierarchical Multiple regression.
RESULTS
The average score of the health literacy was 7.88Â±2.84 out of 12. The average score of self-care was 3.26Â±0.77 points on the 5 point scale. The frequency of health care utilization by the subjects was 6.65Â±5.25 a month. The health literacy and self-care performance showed a statistically significant positive correlation. The health literacy and self-care performance showed a statistically significant negative correlation with health care utilization. The factors affecting health care utilization of the subjects were self-care performance, health literacy, and religion, and the explanatory power was 25%.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that the self-care performance, health literacy, religion are significant factors of health care utilization in medicaid elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies to improve their self-care performance and health literacy for reasonable health care utilization. Also, it is necessary to provide the elderly with correct information about medical use from accessible religious institutions, senior community center, and welfare centers.

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Factors influencing handwashing among community dwelling older adults, using the 2021 Community Health Survey: A secondary analysis study
Yun Hee Hwang, Hye Jung Jun
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(2): 197. CrossRef

Effects of an Oral Self-care Program on the Elderly's Xerostomia and Oral Health-related Quality of Life: Ji Hyun Kim, Hye Young Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2018;29(3):382-392. Published online September 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.3.382

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of an oral self-care program on oral dryness and oral health related quality of life in the elderly.
METHODS
The current research design isa nonequivalent control group protest-posttest design with two groups of elders from two different senior centers in D city. Tools for the research include paper of salivary absorption (WF41-1850, Whatman, Germany), 6 items for subjective oral dryness and OHIP-14 for oral health related to quality of life. The data were analyzed to test three hypotheses by using the SPSS 22.0 program.
RESULTS
The three hypotheses were significantly accepted. The subjective oral dryness score was lower in the experimental group than in the control group (t=-2.45, p=.022). Salivary absorption was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=3.83, p < .001).Oral health related quality of life was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t=-2.11, p=.044).
CONCLUSION
The oral self-care program has appeared to be effective on oral dryness and an oral health related quality of life in the elderly. Therefore, it can be suggested that the oral self-care program is applicable as an intervention program motivating the elderly to maintain oral health.

Citations

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Smartphone‐based combined oral and whole‐body exercise programme aimed at improving oral functions: A randomized clinical trial
Eun Seo Jung, Yoon Young Choi, Kyeong Hee Lee
International Journal of Dental Hygiene.2024; 22(4): 905. CrossRef
Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Analysis of Data from the Eighth Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 2020
Mijung Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(2): 236. CrossRef
A Systematic Review of the Use of mHealth in Oral Health Education among Older Adults
Reinhard Chun Wang Chau, Khaing Myat Thu, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Richard Tai Chiu Hsung, Walter Yu-Hang Lam
Dentistry Journal.2023; 11(8): 189. CrossRef
A Systematic Review on Oral Health Care Programs for the Elderly in Korea (2009∼2020)
Hee-Jung Lim, Eun-Seo Choi, Im-Hee Jung, Do-Ah Kim, Eun-Som Lee
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2021; 21(4): 199. CrossRef
Effect of Oral Health Education Using a Mobile App (OHEMA) on the Oral Health and Swallowing-Related Quality of Life in Community-Based Integrated Care of the Elderly: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Ji-Yun Ki, Se-Rim Jo, Kyung-Sook Cho, Jung-Eun Park, Ja-Won Cho, Jong-Hwa Jang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(21): 11679. CrossRef
Effects of Oral Care Interventions on Oral Health and Oral Health-related Quality of Life among Denture-wearing Older Adults
Chanhee Lim, Haejung Lee, Gaeun Park
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(1): 76. CrossRef
Effects of Oral Gargling with Aroma Solution in Psychiatric Inpatients: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial
Yun Ah Jung, Hee Sook Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(2): 200. CrossRef

Social Network, Self-Care Agency and Quality of Life of High-risk Beneficiaries in Case Management of Medicaid: Ju Young Park, Jung Tae Son; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2017;28(4):421-430. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2017.28.4.421

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study investigates the social network, self-care agency, and quality of life of high-risk beneficiaries in case management of Medicaid and the correlations between these variables. It also identifies influencing factors on their quality of life.
METHODS
The subjects included 187 individuals chosen from the high-risk beneficiaries in case management of Medicaid in D Metropolitan City. Data was collected through direct interviews based on a structured questionnaire on home visits.
RESULTS
The perceived health status was the most influential factor in their quality of life, followed by self-care agency, mutual support network, and natural support network in order. These factors explained 40.6% of their quality of life.
CONCLUSION
These findings raise a need to develop a nursing intervention program to increase the self-care agency of the high-risk beneficiaries in case management of Medicaid.

Effects of Peer Mentoring Program on the Health Conservation in Elderly Women with Osteoarthritis: Ji Ran Nam, Ki Wol Sung; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2017;28(3):227-239. Published online September 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2017.28.3.227

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of peer mentoring program on physical activity, knee joint function, self-care agency and social support, which are health conservation elements in elderly women with osteoarthritis.
METHODS
This study used a quasi-experimental research design. It is a pretest-and-post 1, post 2 test design of a non-equivalent control group. The subjects were elderly women aged over 65 who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis. A total of 60 patients (experimental group 30, control group 30) who registered with the Senior Welfare Center in City G and in Region D participated in this study. The data were collected from June 29th to September 4th, 2015. The collected data were analyzed with Ï‡Â² test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test and repeated measurement ANOVA.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed a greater increase in physical activity, knee joint function, self-care agency and social support than the control group.
CONCLUSION
The results indicated that the peer mentoring program is effective in increasing physical activity, knee joint function, self-care agency and social support of elderly women with osteoarthritis.

Effects of Health Literacy and Knowledge on Diabetic Self-care in the Elderly with DM Living Alone: Nan Hui Kim, Young Ran Yang, Myung Ha Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2016;27(4):370-379. Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.4.370

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15 Citations

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of self-care adherence in the elderly with diabetes mellitus (DM) who have lived alone, and to investigate the association between health literacy, diabetic knowledge and self-care adherence.
METHODS
Descriptive research using the cross-sectional approach was conducted. Data was collected by using a convenience sampling of 201 participants who aged sixty-five years old or more and have lived alone. Statistical analysis was conducted by using an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, ScheffÃ© test, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS
Mean scores of health literacy, diabetic knowledge and adherence of self-care were 4.41Â±3.54 points out of a possible 12, 6.22Â±2.55 points out of a possible 15, 58.56Â±17.28 points out of a possible 112, respectively. Adherence of self-care showed a statistical association with health literacy (r=.26, p<.001) and diabetic knowledge (r=.30, p<.001). Statistically significant factors in the regression model were monthly income, diabetic knowledge and exercise.
CONCLUSION
The level of self-care adherence in the elderly with diabetes living alone was relatively low. Diabetic knowledge was an important factor to improve the level of self-care adherence for the elderly with diabetes living alone.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Relationships Among Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, Self-Management, and HbA1c Levels in Older Adults with Diabetes in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study
Geun Young Jang, Soo Jung Chang, Jun Hee Noh
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2024; Volume 17: 409. CrossRef
Influence of Digital Literacy and Patient Activation on Sick Role Behavior in Vulnerable Older Adults with Diabetes
Young-Eun Yi, Hyun-Ju Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(2): 179. CrossRef
Diabetes self‐care activities and its correlates in patients with diabetic neuropathy
Younhee Kang, Inkyung Park
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors influencing self-management behaviors in older people with multiple chronic conditions based on the individual and family self-management theory: A cross-sectional study
Youngji Seo, Sunyoung Jung
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2024; 26(3): 332. CrossRef
Influencing factors on self-care of older adults living alone in a community during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study
Heeyoung Woo, Minkyung Gu
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
The effects of diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, and depression on self-management in older patients with diabetes in the community: A cross-sectional study
Hyeok Gyu Park, Myoung Jin Kwon
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(4): 389. CrossRef
The Effects of Self-efficacy and Self-stigma on Self-care in People with Diabetes
Kawoun Seo
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(1): 86. CrossRef
The Effects of Snack Control Education and Telephone Coaching on Self-Management, Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Blood Glucose in Diabetes Patients
Hye Eun Park
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2021; 22(4): 274. CrossRef
Health Literacy, Knowledge and Self-care Behaviors in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Living in Community
Seo Hui Yang, Eun Young Jung, Yang Sook Yoo
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2020; 27(1): 1. CrossRef
Intervention study of a foot‐care programme enhancing knowledge and practice among nurses and care workers at in‐home service providers
Kashiko Fujii, Minna Stolt
Nursing Open.2020; 7(4): 1039. CrossRef
Readiness for utilizing digital intervention: Patterns of internet use among older adults with diabetes
Sunhee Park, Beomsoo Kim
Primary Care Diabetes.2020; 14(6): 692. CrossRef
The Effect of Health Literacy and Self-care Performance on Health Care Utilization of Medicaid Elderly
Yun Hee Hwang, Ga Eon Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2019; 30(4): 484. CrossRef
Effects of Diabetic Foot Care Education for the Aged with Low Health Literacy
Hyemin Kim, Ji Min Seo
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2019; 30(4): 560. CrossRef
A new comprehensive diabetes health literacy scale: Development and psychometric evaluation
Eun-Hyun Lee, Young Whee Lee, Kwan-Woo Lee, Moonsuk Nam, So Hun Kim
International Journal of Nursing Studies.2018; 88: 1. CrossRef
Relationships of health literacy to self‐care behaviors in people with diabetes aged 60 and above: Empowerment as a mediator
Kyung Suk Shin, Eun‐Hyun Lee
Journal of Advanced Nursing.2018; 74(10): 2363. CrossRef

The Influence of Health Literacy and Diabetes Knowledge on Diabetes Self-care Activities in Korean Low-income Elders with Diabetes: Ji Hye Jeong, Nam Hee Park, So Young Shin; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2014;25(3):217-224. Published online September 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2014.25.3.217

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study aimed to assess the levels of and relationships among health literacy, knowledge about diabetes, and self-care activities in the Korean low-income elderly with diabetes and to identify factors influencing the self-care activities of this vulnerable population.
METHODS
This study surveyed a total of 151 low-income elderly patients with diabetes registered at 16 Visiting Health Care Services in B City, Korea. Health literacy was measured with the Newest Vital Sign. Diabetes knowledge was measured with the Diabetes Knowledge Test. The Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Questionnaire was used to assess diabetes self-care activities. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify significant factors influencing diabetes self-care activities in these patients.
RESULTS
In the regression model, diabetes knowledge (beta=.322, p<.001), exercise (beta=.337, p<.001), and experiences of diabetes education (beta=.241, p=.001) were significantly associated with increased diabetes self-care activities in low-income elderly patients with diabetes when gender, education, health literacy, and subjective health state were controlled.
CONCLUSION
To improve diabetes self-care activities in the low-income elderly with diabetes, it is important to develop a customized program considering their knowledge, exercise, and diabetes education experience.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diabetes self-care and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic kidney disease patients in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Siti Aisyah Ramli, Nani Draman, Juliawati Muhammad, Siti Suhaila Mohd Yusoff
PeerJ.2024; 12: e18303. CrossRef
The Relationship between Health Literacy of Elderly Diabetics and Adherence to Treatment, Babol, Iran, 2021
Abdollah Goli Roshan, Seyedeh Navabeh Hosseinkhani, Reza Norouzadeh
Qom Univ Med Sci J.2021; 14(12): 70. CrossRef
The Role of Health Literacy in Diabetes Knowledge, Self-Care, and Glycemic Control: a Meta-analysis
Laura Marciano, Anne-Linda Camerini, Peter J. Schulz
Journal of General Internal Medicine.2019; 34(6): 1007. CrossRef
Evidence-based health literacy improvements: trends on health literacy studies in Korea
Soo Jin Kang, Mi Sook Lee
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2015; 32(4): 93. CrossRef

Influencing Factors on Self-care in the Elderly with Essential Hypertension: Hae Ok Jeon; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2008;19(1):66-75. Published online March 31, 2008

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate influencing factors on self-care in the elderly with essential hypertension.
METHOD
The research instruments included the Self-Care Scale, the Knowledge Scale Related to Hypertension, the Self-Efficacy Scale and the Family-Support Scale.
RESULTS
The self-care was significantly associated with knowledge (r=.510, p=.000), self-efficacy (r=.708, p=.000), and family support (r=.403, p=.000). The major factors that affected subjects' self-care were knowledge and self-efficacy, which explained 58.7% of self-care.
CONCLUSION
Hypertension knowledge and self-efficacy are important factors for nursing interventions in caring for elderly patients with hypertension. It is needed to develop nursing programs for elderly patients with hypertension and to provide nursing interventions to improve knowledge and self-efficacy and, thereby, improving the self-care of elderly patients with hypertension.

The Effects of Visiting Nursing Intervention on Self Care Behavior and Blood Pressure in Persons with High Risk of Cerebrovascular Diseases: Jeong Mo Park, Suk Jeong Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(4):572-582. Published online December 31, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to evaluate the effects of visiting nursing intervention on self care behavior and blood pressure with high risk of cerebrovascular diseases.
METHOD
A one-group pretest-posttest was designed. Data collection was done in 150 participants from March, 2003 to November, 2003 at a public health center. Self care behavior was assessed by the scores of smoking, alcohol, diet, exercise, stress and medication compliance. The scores of knowledge related cerebrovascular diseases, blood pressure, blood glucose were estimated. The Participants were intervened in with basic assessment, emotional support, education. This program took a period ranging from 3 months to 7 months depending on the cerebrovascular risk level. The mean number of visiting times was 1.67 per month.
RESULT
1. Knowledge level was improved(t=-2.542, p=.012). 2. Systolic and diastolic pressure were lower(t=5.439, p<.001; t=4.966, p<.001). 3. Self care level was higher (t=-12.981, p=.001) after the intervention.
CONCLUSION
The visiting nursing intervention was found to have an effect on the scores of knowledge, self care behavior and blood pressure with high risk of cerebrovascular diseases. The results provided evidences for the importance of visiting nursing intervention in the high risk factor of cerebrovascular disease for self care.

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