PURPOSE The present study is focused on understanding weight perception related with individual- and school-level multifactorial origins, underestimated and overestimated respectively, in normal body weight adolescents. METHODS Using the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data of 45,902 students from 799 secondary schools, a multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed where adolescents (level1) were nested within schools (level 2). RESULTS At the school level, the average school body mass index (BMI, kg/m²) and physical education were associated with weight perception among both boys and girls. In boys, geographic areas were associated with weight underestimation. At the individual level, perceived economic status, weekly allowance, BMI (kg/m²), smartphone usage time (hrs/day) and perceived stress were associated with weight perception among both boys and girls. Age, paternal education, academic achievement and alcohol use were associated with weight perception among girls, while part-time job and physical activity were associated with weight perception among boys. CONCLUSION Our findings underscore the importance of individual- and school-level environments in developing correct weight perception and have implications for school health education to establish healthy lifestyle behaviors for all adolescents.
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PURPOSE This study aims to investigate gender differences in the association between depressive symptoms and weight, weight perception, and body satisfaction among Korean adolescents. METHODS A secondary data analysis was performed on data from 33,374 adolescents who participated in the 2015 Adolescent Health Behavior Online Survey. They were classified as underweight, normal weight, or overweight/obese; weight perception was classified into perception of being underweight, normal weight, or overweight/obese; and weight satisfaction into desire to gain weight, satisfied, and desire to lose weight. RESULTS Among boys, perception of being underweight (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07~1.35) and desire to gain weight (AOR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.30~1.62) were associated with depression. Among girls, perception of being overweight or obese (AOR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.07~1.29) and a desire to lose weight (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.18~1.42) were associated with depression. CONCLUSION Gender differences were observed in the association between weight perception and depression in adolescents. The perception of being underweight among boys and the perception of being overweight/overweight among girls were associated with depression. Thus, gender-specific intervention programs to correct weight perception and weight satisfaction are needed in order to relieve depressive symptoms in adolescents.
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