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Original Article
- Acculturative Stress and Depression of Vietnamese Immigrant Workers in Korea
- Hye Jeong Jeon1, Ga Eon Lee2
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Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2015;26(4):380-389.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.4.380
Published online: December 12, 2015
1Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
2Department of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Corresponding author: Lee, Ga Eon Department of Nursing, Dong-A University, 32 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 602-714, Korea. Tel: +82-51-240-2885, Fax: +82-51-240-2920, E-mail: gelee@dau.ac.kr
• Received: September 25, 2015 • Revised: December 4, 2015 • Accepted: December 17, 2015
Copyright © 2015 Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Abstract
-
Purpose
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between acculturative stress and depression of Vietnamese immigrant workers in Korea.
-
Methods
- The subjects were 230 Vietnamese immigrant workers residing legally in B or K City. Data were collected from July 12, 2014 to August 3, 2014, and were analyzed using the SPSS PASW 21.0 program.
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Results
- The average level of acculturative stress was 2.91 and there were significant differences in the score according to whether to have a religion, the number of homeland friends, and Korean language skill. The average depression level of the subjects was 15.3 and the level was different significantly according to whether to have a religion, the number of homeland friends, salary, working hours, and Korean language skill. Acculturative stress and depression showed a significant positive correlation with each other. The influencing factors of depression were acculturative stress and the number of homeland friends. The most significant factor was acculturative stress.
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Conclusion
- This result shows the necessity of various programs to diminish acculturative stress to control the depression of immigrant workers.
Table 1.
General Characteristics of Subjects
(N=230)
Table 2.Degrees of Acculturative Stress and Depression (N=230)
Table 3.Differences of Acculturative Stress and Depression according to General Characteristics of Subjects (N=230)
Table 4.Correlation of Acculturative Stress and Depression (N=230)
| Variables | Acculturative stress r (p) |
|---|---|
| Depression | .49 (＜.001) |
Table 5.Influencing Factors on Depression of the Subjects (N=230)
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Citations to this article as recorded by 
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XML DownloadAcculturative Stress and Depression of Vietnamese Immigrant Workers in Korea
Acculturative Stress and Depression of Vietnamese Immigrant Workers in Korea
| Characteristics | Categories | n (%) | M±SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 179 (77.83) | |
| Female | 51 (22.17) | ||
| Age (year) | ≤29 | 113 (49.13) | 29.9±4.32 |
| 30~34 | 85 (36.96) | ||
| ≥35 | 32 (13.91) | ||
| Education (year) | ≤12 | 170 (73.91) | 12.45±1.61 |
| ≥13 | 60 (26.09) | ||
| Marital status | Married | 91 (39.57) | |
| None | 139 (60.43) | ||
| Religion | Have | 159 (69.13) | |
| None | 71 (30.87) | ||
| Length of residence in Korea (months) | ≤36 | 70 (30.43) | 48.88±24.79 |
| 37~48 | 75 (32.61) | ||
| ≥49 | 85 (36.96) | ||
| Living status | Alone | 62 (26.96) | |
| Foreigners | 33 (14.35) | ||
| Vietnamese | 109 (47.39) | ||
| Others | 26 (11.30) | ||
| Number of homeland friends (n) | ≤10 | 126 (54.78) | 16.81±17.47 |
| ≥11 | 104 (45.22) | ||
| Immigrant workers in company (n) | ≤10 | 141 (61.30) | 12.13±11.74 |
| 11~20 | 58 (25.22) | ||
| ≥21 | 31 (13.48) | ||
| Type of shift | Day | 155 (68.28) | |
| Shift | 56 (24.67) | ||
| Others | 16 (7.05) | ||
| Frequency of transfer job | ≤1 | 107 (46.52) | 2.79±1.44 |
| 2 | 52 (22.61) | ||
| 3 | 40 (17.39) | ||
| ≥4 | 31 (13.48) | ||
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | ≤150 | 62 (26.96) | 177.72±31.70 |
| 151~200 | 148 (64.35) | ||
| ≥201 | 20 (8.70) | ||
| Working hours/week | ≤60 | 156 (67.83) | |
| ≥61 | 74 (32.17) | ||
| Off day/month | ≤2 | 30 (13.04) | 4.18±1.50 |
| 3~4 | 156 (67.83) | ||
| 5~6 | 24 (10.43) | ||
| ≥7 | 20 (8.70) | ||
| Korean ability | Poor (4~10) | 80 (34.78) | 10.63±2.54 |
| Moderate (11~20) | 150 (65.22) |
| Variables | M±SD |
|---|---|
| Acculturative Stress | 2.91±0.41 |
| Homesickness | 3.26±0.69 |
| The difficulty of communicating | 3.10±0.66 |
| Cultural shock | 2.80±0.57 |
| Prejudice/discrimination | 2.79±0.75 |
| Difficulties in the workplace | 2.85±0.45 |
| Difficulties in interpersonal relationships | 2.66±0.50 |
| Depression | 15.33±7.32 |
| Characteristics | Categories | Acculturative stress |
Depression |
Scheffé | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M±SD | t or F (p) | M±SD | t or F (p) | |||
| Gender | Male | 2.89±0.41 | 1.16 | 14.90±7.04 | 1.68 | |
| Female | 2.97±0.40 | (.248) | 16.84±8.12 | (.095) | ||
| Age (year) | ≤29 | 2.94±0.37 | 2.44 | 16.05±7.62 | 1.53 | |
| 30~34 | 2.93±0.44 | (.089) | 15.02±7.08 | (.218) | ||
| ≥35 | 2.77±0.42 | 13.59±6.74 | ||||
| Education (year) | ≤12 | 2.93±0.39 | 0.87 | 15.83±7.68 | 1.75 | |
| ≥13 | 2.87±0.45 | (.384) | 13.92±6.03 | (.082) | ||
| Marital status | Married | 2.85±0.42 | 1.84 | 14.70±6.89 | 1.05 | |
| None | 2.95±0.39 | (.067) | 15.74±7.59 | (.294) | ||
| Religion | Have | 2.96±0.41 | 2.63 | 16.09±7.00 | 2.39 | |
| None | 2.81±0.39 | (.009) | 13.62±7.77 | (.018) | ||
| Length of residence in Korea (month) | ≤36 | 2.97±0.44 | 1.07 | 14.91±6.47 | 0.22 | |
| 37~48 | 2.91±0.36 | (.346) | 15.31±7.71 | (.805) | ||
| ≥49 | 2.87±0.42 | 15.69±7.69 | ||||
| Living status | Alone | 2.95±0.44 | 1.75 | 16.94±7.12 | 1.53 | |
| Foreigners | 2.91±0.38 | (.157) | 14.45±6.79 | (.206) | ||
| Vietnamese | 2.86±0.41 | 14.61±7.69 | ||||
| Others | 3.05±0.32 | 15.65±6.54 | ||||
| Number of homeland friends (n) | ≤10 | 2.97±0.42 | 2.38 | 16.76±7.37 | 3.33 | |
| ≥11 | 2.84±0.38 | (.018) | 13.60±6.91 | (＜.001) | ||
| Immigrant workers in company (n) | ≤10 | 2.94±0.40 | 2.00 | 15.75±7.35 | 0.79 | |
| 11~20 | 2.91±0.39 | (.138) | 14.31±7.06 | (.453) | ||
| ≥21 | 2.78±0.47 | 15.32±7.70 | ||||
| Type of shift | Day | 2.92±0.39 | 0.08 | 15.44±7.28 | 0.12 | |
| Shift | 2.90±0.42 | (.922) | 15.13±7.08 | (.883) | ||
| Others | 2.92±0.52 | 14.56±8.85 | ||||
| Frequency of transfer job | ≤1 | 2.87±0.41 | 1.03 | 14.49±6.81 | 0.96 | |
| 2 | 2.96±0.42 | (.380) | 15.96±7.67 | (.414) | ||
| 3 | 2.98±0.41 | 16.48±8.05 | ||||
| ≥4 | 2.90±0.38 | 15.71±7.48 | ||||
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | ≤150a | 2.98±0.44 | 1.11 | 17.39±7.61 | 5.78 | a＞b＞c |
| 151~200b ≥201c | 2.89±0.40 2.87±0.33 | (.333) | 15.01±7.15 11.35±5.77 | (.004) | ||
| Working hours/week | ≤60 | 2.93±0.42 | 0.88 | 16.10±7.40 | 2.32 | |
| ≥61 | 2.88±0.37 | (.379) | 13.72±6.92 | (.021) | ||
| Off day/month | ≤2 | 2.85±0.39 | 1.46 | 12.70±8.15 | 2.54 | |
| 3~4 | 2.92±0.41 | (.227) | 15.90±7.06 | (.057) | ||
| 5~6 | 3.04±0.38 | 16.75±7.15 | ||||
| ≥7 | 2.81±0.40 | 13.15±7.38 | ||||
| Korean ability | Poor | 3.05±0.35 | 3.86 | 16.90±8.77 | 2.88 | |
| Moderate | 2.84±0.42 | (＜.001) | 13.64±7.82 | (.004) | ||
| Variables | Acculturative stress r (p) |
|---|---|
| Depression | .49 (＜.001) |
| Variables | Categories | B | SE | β | t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Constant) | −7.75 | 4.99 | −1.55 | .122 | ||
| Religion | Have | 1.84 | 1.02 | .10 | 1.80 | .073 |
| None (ref.) | ||||||
| Number of homeland friends | ≤10 | 2.23 | 0.97 | .13 | 2.31 | .022 |
| ≥11 (ref.) | ||||||
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | −0.26 | 0.16 | −.10 | −1.63 | .105 | |
| Working hours/weeks | ≤60 | 1.45 | 1.06 | .08 | 1.36 | .175 |
| ≥61 (ref.) | ||||||
| Korean ability | Moderate (11~20) | −1.15 | 1.02 | −.07 | −1.13 | .258 |
| Poor (4~10) (ref.) | ||||||
| Acculturative stress | 8.39 | 1.22 | .41 | 6.90 | ＜.001 | |
| Adj. R2=.28, F=13.53, p＜.001 | ||||||
Table 1. General Characteristics of Subjects
(N=230)
Table 2. Degrees of Acculturative Stress and Depression (N=230)
Table 3. Differences of Acculturative Stress and Depression according to General Characteristics of Subjects (N=230)
a, b, c: Scheffé test.
Table 4. Correlation of Acculturative Stress and Depression (N=230)
Table 5. Influencing Factors on Depression of the Subjects (N=230)
Ref=Reference group.
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
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© Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.
College of Nursing, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
E-mail: office@rcphn.org
© Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.