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Original Article
- The Prevalence of Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis in Elementary School Students according to the Body Mass Index
- Chong Mi Chang, Sang Hee Chun, Jin Yi Choi
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Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2015;26(3):230-237.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.3.230
Published online: September 30, 2015
1Department of Nursing, Yong-In Sondam College, Yongin, Korea.
2Department of Nursing, Choonhae College of Health Science, Ulsan, Korea.
3Department of Nursing, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea.
• Received: April 8, 2015 • Revised: July 28, 2015 • Accepted: September 17, 2015
© 2015 Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Abstract
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Purpose
- This study aimed to assess the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in elementary school students according to thebody mass index.
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Methods
- This study was conducted as cross-sectional descriptive research using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected from 6,398 students at 15 elementary schools located in Y City in Korea. The cross-sectional survey used the Korean version of International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratios of body mass index.
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Results
- The symptom prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in the last 12 months was 12.4%, 49.5%, and 24.5%, respectively. The symptom prevalence of asthma was significantly higher in the obesity group. The number of those without any asthma symptom in lifetime was significantly smaller in the overweight (OR=0.70, p=.004) and obesity (OR=0.57, p=.005) groups than in the healthy weight group.
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Conclusion
- These results suggest that asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis prevention programs for elementary school students should include weight control intervention.
Table 1
Grade and Gender on Body Mass Index (BMI) Categories (N=6,398)
Table 2
Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis Prevalence according to Body Mass Index Categories in Elementary School Students (N=6,398)
Table 3
Multinominal Logistic Regression for Prevalence Influencing the BMI Categoriesp
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- Effect of overweight or obesity on lung function and asthma severity in prepubertal asthmatic children
Da Bin Jung, Ji Eun Jeong, Hai Lee Chung, Yoon Young Jang
Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease.2021; 9(4): 231. CrossRef
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The Prevalence of Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis in Elementary School Students according to the Body Mass Index
| Variables | Categories | Total (n=6398) | Underweight (n=374) | Healthy weight (n=5328) | Overweight (n=529) | Obesity (n=167) | χ2 (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Gender | Male | 3,234 (50.5) | 152 (40.6) | 2,651 (49.8) | 323 (61.1) | 108 (64.7) | 52.72 (<.001) |
| Female | 3,164 (49.5) | 222 (59.4) | 2,677 (50.2) | 206 (38.9) | 59 (35.3) | ||
| Grade | 1 | 1,777 (27.8) | 104 (27.8) | 1,459 (27.4) | 140 (26.5) | 74 (44.3) | 50.81 (<.001) |
| 2 | 632 (9.9) | 49 (13.1) | 510 (9.6) | 55 (10.4) | 18 (10.8) | ||
| 3 | 703 (11.0) | 54 (14.4) | 567 (10.6) | 65 (12.3) | 17 (10.2) | ||
| 4 | 1,803 (28.2) | 92 (24.6) | 1,550 (29.1) | 132 (25.0) | 29 (17.4) | ||
| 5 | 670 (10.5) | 24 (6.4) | 567 (10.6) | 63 (11.9) | 16 (9.6) | ||
| 6 | 813 (12.7) | 51 (13.6) | 675 (12.7) | 74 (14.0) | 13 (7.8) |
| Variables | Categories | Total (n=6398) | Under weight (n=374) | Healthy weight (n=5328) | Overweight (n=529) | Obesity (n=167) | χ2 (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Asthma | Symptom, ever | 793 (12.4) | 42 (11.2) | 633 (11.9) | 86 (16.3) | 32 (19.2) | 16.08 (.001) |
| Symptom, last 12 months | 253 (31.9) | 10 (23.8) | 204 (32.2) | 28 (32.6) | 11 (34.4) | 1.40 (.705) | |
| Diagnosis, ever | 368 (5.8) | 17 (4.5) | 305 (5.7) | 39 (7.4) | 7 (4.2) | 4.32 (.229) | |
| Allergic rhinitis | Symptom, ever | 3,169 (49.5) | 181 (48.4) | 2,616 (49.1) | 280 (52.9) | 92 (55.1) | 5.10 (.165) |
| Symptom, last 12 months | 2,850 (89.9) | 158 (87.3) | 2,362 (90.3) | 255 (91.1) | 75 (81.5) | 3.78 (.287) | |
| Diagnosis, ever | 2,624 (41.0) | 142 (38.0) | 2,184 (41.0) | 227 (42.9) | 71 (42.5) | 2.38 (.498) | |
| Atopic dermatitis | Symptom, ever | 1,569 (24.5) | 103 (27.5) | 1,308 (24.5) | 118 (22.3) | 40 (24.0) | 3.28 (.351) |
| Symptom, last 12 months | 957 (61.0) | 67 (65.0) | 793 (60.6) | 68 (57.6) | 29 (72.5) | 5.19 (.158) | |
| Diagnosis, ever | 2,020 (31.6) | 133 (35.6) | 1,683 (31.6) | 152 (28.7) | 52 (31.1) | 4.74 (.192) |
| Variables | Categories | Estimated β | SE | Wald | OR | p | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight | Intercept | -2.840 | 0.416 | 46.627 | <.001 | ||
| Asthma symptom, ever=0 | 0.064 | 0.169 | 0.142 | 1.07 | .707 | 0.77~1.49 | |
| Asthma symptom, last 12 months=0 | 0.425 | 0.392 | 1.177 | 1.53 | .278 | 0.71~3.30 | |
| Asthma diagnosis, ever=0 | 0.112 | 0.354 | 0.101 | 1.12 | .751 | 0.56~2.24 | |
| Allergic rhinitis symptom, ever=0 | 0.329 | 0.673 | 0.239 | 1.39 | .625 | 0.37~5.20 | |
| Allergic rhinitis symptom, last 12 months=0 | 0.076 | 0.658 | 0.013 | 1.08 | .909 | 0.30~3.91 | |
| Allergic rhinitis diagnosis, ever=0 | -0.068 | 0.406 | 0.028 | 0.93 | .867 | 0.42~2.07 | |
| Atopic dermatitis symptom, ever=0 | -0.730 | 0.452 | 2.606 | 0.48 | .106 | 0.20~1.17 | |
| Atopic dermatitis symptom, last 12 months=0 | -0.389 | 0.473 | 0.676 | 0.68 | .411 | 0.27~1.71 | |
| Atopic dermatitis diagnosis, ever=0 | 0.589 | 0.409 | 2.076 | 1.80 | .150 | 0.81~4.02 | |
| Overweight | Intercept | -2.381 | 0.345 | 47.519 | <.001 | ||
| Asthma symptom, ever=0 | -0.365 | 0.125 | 8.477 | 0.70 | .004 | 0.54~0.89 | |
| Asthma symptom, last 12 months=0 | -0.064 | 0.255 | 0.062 | 0.94 | .803 | 0.57~1.55 | |
| Asthma diagnosis, ever=0 | 0.033 | 0.246 | 0.018 | 1.03 | .895 | 0.64~1.67 | |
| Allergic rhinitis symptom, ever=0 | -0.391 | 0.460 | 0.722 | 0.68 | .395 | 0.27~1.67 | |
| Allergic rhinitis symptom, last 12 months=0 | 0.230 | 0.421 | 0.297 | 1.26 | .585 | 0.55~2.87 | |
| Allergic rhinitis diagnosis, ever=0 | -0.167 | 0.285 | 0.343 | 0.85 | .558 | 0.48~1.48 | |
| Atopic dermatitis symptom, ever=0 | -0.077 | 0.324 | 0.056 | 0.93 | .813 | 0.49~1.75 | |
| Atopic dermatitis symptom, last 12 months=0 | 0.546 | 0.405 | 1.810 | 1.73 | .178 | 0.78~3.82 | |
| Atopic dermatitis diagnosis, ever=0 | 0.174 | 0.281 | 0.381 | 1.20 | .537 | 0.69~2.07 | |
| Obesity | Intercept | -3.324 | 0.513 | 41.973 | <.001 | ||
| Asthma symptom, ever=0 | -0.564 | 0.201 | 7.871 | 0.57 | .005 | 0.38~0.84 | |
| Asthma symptom, last 12 months=0 | -0.269 | 0.404 | 0.446 | 0.76 | .504 | 0.35~1.69 | |
| Asthma diagnosis, ever=0 | 1.146 | 0.484 | 5.611 | 3.14 | .018 | 1.22~8.11 | |
| Allergic rhinitis symptom, ever=0 | -1.130 | 0.613 | 3.395 | 0.32 | .065 | 0.10~1.08 | |
| Allergic rhinitis symptom, last 12 months=0 | 0.815 | 0.560 | 2.123 | 2.26 | .145 | 0.76~6.77 | |
| Allergic rhinitis diagnosis, ever=0 | 0.398 | 0.430 | 0.855 | 1.49 | .355 | 0.64~3.46 | |
| Atopic dermatitis symptom, ever=0 | 1.914 | 1.049 | 3.331 | 6.78 | .068 | 0.87~52.97 | |
| Atopic dermatitis symptom, last 12 months=0 | -2.265 | 1.067 | 4.505 | 0.10 | .034 | 0.01~0.84 | |
| Atopic dermatitis diagnosis, ever=0 | -0.118 | 0.454 | 0.068 | 0.89 | .794 | 0.37~2.16 |
Table 1
Grade and Gender on Body Mass Index (BMI) Categories (N=6,398)
Table 2
Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis Prevalence according to Body Mass Index Categories in Elementary School Students (N=6,398)
Table 3
Multinominal Logistic Regression for Prevalence Influencing the BMI Categoriesp
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
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© Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.
College of Nursing, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
E-mail: office@rcphn.org
© Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.