Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

Influencing Factors for Work Engagement of COVID-19 Response Workers in Public Health Centers: Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model: Songran Park, Yeongmi Ha; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2024;35(1):64-75. Published online March 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00346

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to identify the influencing factors for work engagement of COVID-19 response workers in public health centers based on the JD-R model.
Methods
The participants were 119 civil servants and professionals of 20 public health centers with at least 6 months of work experience and have experience of COVID-19 response tasks in cities, districts and counties. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression using IBM SPSS 27.0.
Results
The factors influencing work engagement were age, career development opportunity, and person-job fit. The explanatory power of these variables was 61%.
Conclusion
In order to enhance the work engagement of public health center workers in responding to future infectious disease outbreaks, it is necessary to develop various strategies such as assigning job roles that aligned with individual characteristics, providing career growth opportunities even during infectious disease outbreaks, and designing tasks by taking into account age.

Current Status and Associated Factors of Emotional Distress Due to COVID-19 Among People with Physical Disabilities Living in the Community: Secondary Data Analysis using the 2020 National Survey of Disabled Persons: Bohye Kim, Ju Young Yoon; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2024;35(1):37-50. Published online February 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00374

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to assess the current situation and factors associated with emotional distress due to COVID-19 among people with physical disabilities living in the community, using a Social-Ecological Model.
Methods
A secondary data analysis was performed using data from the 2020 National Survey of Disabled Persons. The study participants were 1,654 participants aged 19 years or older with physical disabilities. For data analysis, complex sample logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with emotional distress due to COVID-19 in people with physical disabilities.
Results
The results showed that 55.7% of people with physical disabilities living in the community experienced emotional distress due to COVID-19. This emotional distress was influenced by various factors, including intrapersonal factors (activities of daily living, difficulty in getting information about COVID-19, difficulty in obtaining and using equipment related to COVID-19), interpersonal factors (satisfaction with the number of friends), and community/policy factor (support related to COVID-19 from national and local governments).
Conclusion
It is recommended to develop tailored interventions to prevent mental health issues among people with physical disabilities by considering the factors related to their emotional distress in the event of future infectious disease disasters.

Factors Associated with Depression in Older Adults Living Alone during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Eun Hye Hong, Kyung Hee Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(4):418-431. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.4.418

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The aims of this study were to examine the rate of depression among older adults living alone and to identify factors associated with depression in older adults living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A secondary data analysis was performed using data from the 2020 Korea Community Health Survey. The study participants were 18,824 older adults aged 65 years and over living alone. The data of the complex sample design was analyzed with consideration for weights, stratification, and clustering. Complex sample multiple logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with depression in older adults living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The results showed that the rate of depression in older adults living alone was 6.3%. Older adults living alone with decreased physical activity, decreased hours of sleep, and an increased or similar frequency of meeting with friends or neighbors were found to be more likely to have depression. In terms of factors related to the practice of COVID-19 infection prevention and control rules, not disinfecting regularly and not wearing a mask indoors were related to depression. For health-related factors, fair or poor self-rated health status, not having breakfast every day, and feeling stressed were related to depression. Conclusion: It is recommended to develop tailored interventions to prevent depression among older adults living alone by considering the factors related to their depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Citations

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Global burden of sleep disturbances among older adults and the disparities by geographical regions and pandemic periods
Min Du, Min Liu, Yaping Wang, Chenyuan Qin, Jue Liu
SSM - Population Health.2024; 25: 101588. CrossRef
Sadness, counseling for sadness, and sleep time and COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea: Rapid review and a post-hoc analysis
Jungwoo Choi, Minji Kim, Min Seo Kim, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Guillermo F López Sánchez, Elena Dragioti, Samuele Cortese, Ai Koyanagi
Life Cycle.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

The Effect of the Delivery Format on Teaching Presence, Learning Presence, and Learning Outcomes in Distance Learning of Nursing Students: Synchronous versus Asynchronous Learning: Min A Kim, So Eun Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(3):312-320. Published online September 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.3.312

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was performed to explore the effect of the delivery format on teaching presence, learning presence, and learning outcomes in distance learning of nursing students. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted to understand teaching presence, learning presence, and learning outcomes depending on the delivery format of distance learning. Quota sampling methodology was used to recruit 295 nursing students from all over the country, and data collection was done from July 27 to September 10, 2020. The first delivery format for distance learning was synchronous learning in which communication between the instructor and students occurred simultaneously. The second delivery format was asynchronous learning in which prerecorded videos were provided and communication did not occur simultaneously. Results: In synchronous learning, teaching presence (especially direct facilitation) and learning presence (especially emotional expression) had a statistical significance that was higher than in asynchronous learning. However, in learning outcomes, there was no statistically significant difference. There were significant positive correlations between teaching presence, learning presence, and learning outcomes, and there were significant positive correlations. Conclusion: It can be suggested that learning outcomes can be improved if presence is improved in the distance learning environment based on the results of this study. It is necessary to add contact with nursing students and instructors to improve teaching presence in the asynchronous learning, and it is necessary to help students express their emotions to improve learning presence.

The Effect of Stress and Anxiety Caused by COVID-19 on the Quality of Life of Small Business Owners in an Area: Hae Ok Kim, Hyoen Jeong Kim, Hye Ji Jo; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(3):279-289. Published online September 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.3.279

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Purpose
This is a descriptive correlation study to confirm the effect of stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19 on the quality of life of small business owners in an area under environment of COVID-19. Methods: The participants were 150 small business owners in an area. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with the SPSS 25.0 Program. Results: The stress of small business owners averaged 3.67±0.65 out of 4 points, anxiety of COVID-19 was 2.65±0.52, and quality of life was 75.61±20.26 out of 130 points. The quality of life showed a significant negative correlation with ‘fear of infection’ (r=-.42, p<.001), ‘difficulties caused by social distancing’ (r=-.49, p<.001) in the stress subdomain, and anxiety (r=-.61, p<.001). On the other hand, stress, ‘fear of infection’ (r=.50, p<.001), ‘difficulties caused by social distancing’ (r=.60 p<.001), ‘anger against others’ (r=.35, p<.001) and anxiety showed positive correlation. Factors affecting the quality of life of the subjects were ‘fear of infection’ in the stress subdomain (β=-.23, p=.003), anxiety (β=-.45, p<.001), and residential area (J zone) (β=-.16, p=.030). These factors explained 47.0% of the variance. Conclusion: In order to enhance the quality of life of small business owners in an area, it is required to reduce stress and anxiety. In addition, it is necessary to prepare an intervention program that can reduce stress and anxiety of small business owners.

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Mediating effect of social support between COVID-19 stress on the mental health of older adults using customized care services: A cross-sectional study
Yujin Suh, YoungSun Park, Eun-Kyoung Han
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2023; 25(4): 410. CrossRef

Factors Influencing on Core Competencies in Disaster Nursing by University Hospital Nurses’ Experiences of Caring for Patients with COVID-19: Bo Won Choi, Yeong Mi Ha; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(2):247-258. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.2.247

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Purpose
Considering that nurses perform critical roles for caring for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to investigate core competencies in disaster nursing. This study aimed to identify influencing factors on core competencies in disaster nursing by examining relationships between attitudes toward disaster management, disaster preparedness, and core competencies in disaster nursing in university hospital nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19. Methods The participants were nurses working in two university hospitals who had either experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19 or no experiences. A questionnaire was distributed to 198 participants between October and November 2021. Results The findings of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the factors related to core competencies in disaster nursing in the participants were disaster preparedness (β=.80, p<.001) and nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19 (β=.11, p=.007). Specifically, the factors related to core competencies in disaster nursing in those having experiences of direct caring for patients with COVID-19 were disaster preparedness (β=.84, p<.001) and marital status (β=.16, p=.001). The factors related to core competencies in disaster nursing in those with indirect caring for patients with COVID-19 were disaster preparedness (β=.75, p<.001) and an intention to participate in disaster response (β=.16, p=.037). Conclusion Based on this study, it is important to develop disaster nursing education programs focusing on the full spectrum of disaster management including disaster preparedness, disaster response, and disaster recovery training.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Influences of Nursing Professionalism and Nursing Intention on Disaster Nursing Competency among Nurses when a Disaster Occurs in a Community: Response to COVID-19
Hyun-Jung JANG, Yoon-Jung KOO, Sun-Yeon HONG, Jeong-Eon PARK, Soo-Jin BAE, Suk-Jin PARK
THE JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2023; 35(2): 276. CrossRef
Influence of COVID 19 on Nursing Students’ Career Identity: A Cross-sectional Study
Na-geong Kim, Hye-Ryeon Park
The Open Nursing Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness of an online training program for improving nurses’ competencies in disaster risk management
Jamileh Farokhzadian, Hojjat Farahmandnia, Asghar Tavan, Gülcan Taskiran Eskici, Faezeh Soltani Goki
BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of Infection Control Fatigue and Compassion Competence on Disaster Nursing Core Competencies of Nurses at COVID-19 Designated Hospitals
Jae-Hyun Ha, Hyun-Ju Lee, Ki-Ryeon Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(4): 461. CrossRef

Burnout, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Compassion Satisfaction of Military Officers Responding to COVID-19: Seo Young Baek, Sin Woo Hwang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(2):217-227. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.2.217

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify individual and occupational factors influencing burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction in military officers who experienced supporting civilians in responding to COVID-19. Methods This descriptive study was conducted on 140 special forces’ military officers who experienced responding to disasters within 3 months. Data were collected through an online survey from September to November 2021. Results The mean scores for burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction were 21.67±6.03, 20.54±8.21, and 39.72±8.12 out of 50, respectively. The significant factors that influenced burnout and secondary traumatic stress were ‘higher passive stress copying styles’ (B=0.17, p<.001; B=0.31, p=<.001, respectively) and ‘lower social support (B=-0.11, p=.031; B=-0.10, p=.001, respectively). The compassion satisfaction was more significantly associated with ‘higher self-efficacy’ (B=0.37, p=<.001), ‘higher active stress copying styles’ (B=0.19, p=.006), and ‘education responding to disasters’ (B=2.04, p=.029). Conclusion The results suggest that the strategies to increase social support, self-efficacy, and active stress coping styles should be considered in developing educational programs for military officers responding to disasters to minimize burnout, secondary traumatic stress and to improve compassion satisfaction.

Influencing Factors on COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors among College Students: Hye Seung Kim, Yun Hee Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(2):196-206. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.2.196

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify health belief, subjective norms, social stigma, and sense of community affecting COVID-19 preventive behaviors among college students, and provide basic data for the development of preventive programs to improve COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Methods This study used a cross-sectional study design. The study recruited a total of 170 college students, through an online survey from three online communities which are mostly used by college students. Data were collected from July 24 to August 9, 2021. The SPSS 21.0 program was used to analyze the data using simple multiple regression. Results In simple multiple regression, the perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits and subjective norms were found to have a significant association with COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students. These variables explained the 55.1% variance in COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students (p<.001). Conclusion The results of this study showed that the perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and subjective norms were significant factors affecting COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to develop COVID-19 preventive programs and strategies that increase perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and subjective norms to improve the COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students.

The COVID-19 Correspondence Work Experience of Community Health Practitioners: Jae Hyun Ha, Hyun Ju Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(2):139-152. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.2.139

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aims to describe and understand the meaning and nature of community health practitioners’ coping with COVID-19. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 community health practitioners from August to October 2021, to describe and understand the nature of their coping with COVID-19. The collected data were examined and described based on Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Results 16 theme clusters and five categories were derived from the community health practitioners’ experience of coping with COVID-19. The categories derived were: a war that began without notice, a variety of correspondence tasks assigned, struggling to fulfill given roles, correspondence tasks becoming more systematic, and a fight that has not yet ended. Conclusion Community health practitioners handled various response tasks related to COVID-19, and faithfully fulfilled their professional roles while performing the primary task of medical care. Hence, attention is required on issues related to the establishment of the national emergency healthcare system and improvement of professional competence of community health practitioners even after the COVID-19 pandemic is over. Furthermore, it is necessary to make ceaseless efforts to address those issues and, in order to do so, social interest and institutional support are needed.

The Mediating Effects of Health Concern and Depression in the Relation between Self-quarantined People’s COVID-19 Stress and Fatigue: Sun Hwa Shin, Eun Hye Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(1):43-52. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.1.43

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was to investigate the mediating effects of health concern and depression on the stress and fatigue of COVID-19 self-quarantine.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 227 people with COVID-19 self-quarantine experience were recruited during May 2021. Participants were invited to complete self-reported questionnaires that measure stress, health concern, depression, fatigue and demographic information. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression and dual mediation model applying the PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval.
Results
This study analyzed the direct effects of COVID-19 stress on the health concern, depression and fatigue. And COVID-19 stress had indirect effects on their fatigue via health concern and depression. Both health concern and depression had dual mediating effects in the influence of COVID-19 stress on fatigue. In the relationship between COVID-19 stress and fatigue, the mediating effect of depression was significant.
Conclusion
Fatigue due to prolonged COVID-19 can be alleviated by managing stress and mediating health concern and depression, and so therefore active nursing intervention is required.

Experiences of Public Officials for the COVID-19 Response in the Community Health Center: Haeng Mi Son, Hye Ryun Yang, Bo Hyun Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):578-592. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.578

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of public officials working for the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) response in community health centers in South Korea. Methods: A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted using data collected from three focus groups and two individual interviews. Results: The participants performed quarantine tasks in a poor working environment with several problems, such as significant workload, lack of manpower, and inappropriate compensation system. Participants experienced obstacles in performing quarantine works, which had the lack of the detailed quarantine guidelines, work support and cooperation system. Participants suffered from civil complaints. Participants endured sacrifices in their personal lives while partaking in COVID-19 response work without holidays, and subsequently experienced health problems. And also participants said that it was necessary to secure expertise and effective communication for infectious disease management. Conclusion: The study results suggest that policies are required that are aimed to improve the working environment and the recruitment of experts in infectious diseases. In addition, the job stress related to the COVID-19 response by public officials in community health centers must be evaluated, and the relation of their job stress to physical and mental problems, as well as psychosocial stress, must be examined.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Infection Control Nurses’ Burnout Experiences in Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Su-Jin Lee, Seo-Hyeon Kim, Ju-Young Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(1): 135. CrossRef
Influencing Factors for Work Engagement of COVID-19 Response Workers in Public Health Centers: Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model
Songran Park, Yeongmi Ha
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 64. CrossRef
Community Health Nursing During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea: Consequences, Challenges, and Directions
Eunjoo Kim, Ju Young Yoon, Hyori Kim
Journal of Community Health Nursing.2023; 40(2): 79. CrossRef
Identifying required competencies for public officials in the public health centers: Results from focus group interviews
Kyung Hee Yi, Sookja Choi, Myungwha Jang
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2023; 40(2): 31. CrossRef
Development and Effectiveness of a Basic Epidemiological Investigation Simulation Program of Emerging Respiratory Infectious Diseases for Nursing Students: Application of Standardized Patients
Jiyun Park, Gye Jeong Yeom
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2023; 34: 267. CrossRef
Mental Health and Quality of Life for Disaster Service Workers in a Province under COVID-19
Ji-Won Na, Chan-Mo Yang, Sang-Yeol Lee, Seung-Ho Jang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(6): 1600. CrossRef
Awareness of the epidemiological investigation tasks of the nurse in charge of COVID-19 epidemiological investigations
Haeng-Mi Son, Won-Hee Choi, Hye-Ryun Yang, Young-Hui Hwang
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(4): 433. CrossRef
The COVID-19 Correspondence Work Experience of Community Health Practitioners
Jae-Hyun Ha, Hyun-Ju Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(2): 139. CrossRef
Student nurse experiences in public healthcare clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Yun-Jung Choi, Youn-Joo Um
Nurse Education Today.2022; 119: 105586. CrossRef

Analysis of Media Articles on COVID-19 and Nurses Using Text Mining and Topic Modeling: Ji Yeon An, Yun Jeong Yi, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):467-476. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.467

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to understand the social perceptions of nurses in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak through analysis of media articles.
Methods
Among the media articles reported from January 1st to September 30th, 2020, those containing the keywords ‘[corona or Wuhan pneumonia or covid] and [nurse or nursing]’ are extracted. After the selection process, the text mining and topic modeling are performed on 454 media articles using textom version 4.5.
Results
Frequency Top 30 keywords include ‘Nurse’, ‘Corona’, ‘Isolation’, ‘Support’, ‘Shortage’, ‘Protective Clothing’, and so on. Keywords that ranked high in Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) values are ‘Daegu’, ‘President’, ‘Gwangju’, ‘manpower’, and so on. As a result of the topic analysis, 10 topics are derived, such as ‘Local infection’, ‘Dispatch of personnel’, ‘Message for thanks’, and ‘Delivery of one’s heart’.
Conclusion
Nurses are both the contributors and victims of COVID-19 prevention. The government and the nurses’ community should make efforts to improve poor working conditions and manpower shortages.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Need for and Perceptions of Interprofessional Education and Collaboration Among Undergraduate Students in Nursing and Medicine in South Korea
Hee-Young Song, Kyoung A Nam
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2022; Volume 15: 847. CrossRef

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