Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

The Effect of Dual Sensory Impairment on Cognitive Function Decline in the Elderly: The Moderating Effect of Social Support: Soo Jee Yang, Ju Young Yoon; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):217-227. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00255

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study verified that the dual sensory impairment (DSI) in the elderly is associated with cognitive impairment (CI) and confirmed how change in cognitive function varies depending on the social support (SS).
Methods
For a study sample of Korean older people, data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) from the 7th (2018) to the 8th (2020), were included in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Among people who responded in both 2018 and 2020, a total of 2,069 people of those who are 65 years of age or older, and have living children and normal cognitive function, were analyzed. X2 -test, t-test and logistic regression analyses were utilized.
Results
First, the number of elderly with visual impairment (VI), hearing impairment, and DSI increased on 8th data compared with 7th data. In addition, 22.9% of the 2,069 people showed a decrease in cognitive function. Second, compared to the elderly with normal sensory function, the cognitive function of the elderly with only VI was found to be more degraded, and the cognitive function of the elderly with DSI was found to be much more degraded. In addition, among SS, only participation in social gatherings was found to show significant change in cognitive function of the elderly with DSI. Third, the interaction effect of participating in social gatherings was not significant in the CI of the elderly with DSI.
Conclusion
VI and DSI effected cognitive function, but participation in social gatherings such as SS has not significant interaction effect on CI of the elderly with DSI.

Predictors of the Fear of Falling among Elderly Women with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Jeong On Moon, Se Hoon Hong; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(1):63-73. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.1.63

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors influencing fear of falling in community-dwelling elderly women with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Methods
A secondary data analysis was performed using data of 65 years or older elderly women with MCI participating in the 7th Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing of the Korea Employment Information Service. The study subjects included 368 elderly women with MCI. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and logistic regression with complex samples were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 23.0.
Results
89.9% of the elderly women with MCI had fear of falling. There were significant factors such as religion (OR=8.85, 95% CI: 3.39~23.15), restriction of activity (OR=6.84, 95% CI: 2.14~21.90), depression (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.62~0.90), and MMSE (OR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.03~1.63), predicting fear of falling in community-dwelling elderly women with MCI.
Conclusion
Differentiated strategies should be developed for elderly women with MCI to decrease fear of falling and prevent falls with understanding of contributing factors. This study will provide fundamental information on programming and a policy proposal related to fear of falling for elderly women with MCI.

Development and Evaluation of a Community based Multifaceted Cognitive Training Program for the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Yeon Hee Park, Hee Young Oh; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(2):119-129. Published online June 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.2.119

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4 Citations

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the effects of a multifaceted cognitive training program on cognitive function, depression, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in community dwelling elders with mild cognitive impairment.
METHODS
A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects were recruited from a community health center in D metropolitan city and were assigned to the experimental or control group. Weekly 50-minute session intervention was delivered to the experimental group over 12 weeks. 8 weeks and 12weeks after intervention, the changes in cognitive function, depression, and IADL in the groups were measured and compared. Data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and post-hoc test with Bonferroni correction using SPSS/WIN 23.0.
RESULTS
When compared with their counterparts (n=15), the elders in the experimental group (n=12) showed significant improvement in cognitive function and depression at week 12. The mean scores of IADL at week 12 were not significantly different between the groups.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that this multifaceted cognitive training program is effective in improving cognitive function, depression, and avoiding deterioration of IADL among elders with mild cognitive impairment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Mindfulness and Cognitive Training Interventions in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Impact on Cognition and Mood
Gretchen O. Reynolds, Kim Willment, Seth A. Gale
The American Journal of Medicine.2021; 134(4): 444. CrossRef
Effects of Tai Chi Exercise Program on Cognitive Function among Older Adults at Risk for Dementia Living in Rural Areas
Rhayun Song, Kyoungok Ju, Mi Sook Jung, Hyunli Kim, Xing Fan
The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2021; 24(1): 67. CrossRef
The Humanoid Robot Sil-Bot in a Cognitive Training Program for Community-Dwelling Elderly People with Mild Cognitive Impairment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Eun-A Park, Ae-Ri Jung, Kyoung-A Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(15): 8198. CrossRef
A Q-methodology Study on Subjective Attitudes toward Dementia in Nursing Students
Eun Ho Ha
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(1): 107. CrossRef

Effects of Job Demand and Recovery Experience from Job Stress on Job Embeddedness among Workers in the Service Industry: So Yeun Jun, Youn Hyang Lee, Eun Kyung Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2018;29(2):143-154. Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.2.143

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of job demand and recovery experience from job stress on job embeddedness among workers in the service industry.
METHODS
The participants were 223 workers from the service industry in P and Y Cities with the help of a structured self-report questionnaire, administered between July 10 and August 20, 2017. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, ScheffÃ© test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in job embeddedness in terms of satisfaction with salary, continuous service, perceived stress level and the perceived health status of the subjects. There were significant positive correlations between role clarification in job demands (r=.55), recovery experience from job stress (r=.27) and job embeddedness. From the multiple regression analysis, the most significant factors affecting job embeddedness were found to be role clarification in job demands (Î²=.47), recovery experience from job stress (Î²=.23), and perceived stress level (Î²=.18). These variables explain 34.0 % of the total variance in job embeddedness.
CONCLUSION
In order to increase job embeddedness among workers in the service industry, it is necessary to prepare measures to increase recovery experience from job stress and to decrease role clarificationin job demand, and perceived stress level.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Structure equation modeling of job embeddedness in general hospital nurses
Kyoung Mi Kim, So Yeun Jun, Hyeon Jeong Ju, Youn Hyang Lee, Kyung Mi Woo
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(2): 204. CrossRef
Psychosocial safety climate improves psychological detachment and relaxation during off‐job recovery time to reduce emotional exhaustion: A multilevel shortitudinal study
Yulita, Mohd Awang Idris, Siti Salina Abdullah
Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.2022; 63(1): 19. CrossRef

Factors Influencing Burnout in Primary Family Caregivers of Hospital-based Home Care Patients: Ju Ok Yang, Hye Kyung Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2018;29(1):54-64. Published online March 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.1.54

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify factors influencing burnout in primary family caregivers of Home Health Care Patients.
METHODS
Data were collected from 121 primary family caregivers of home health care patients in three different hospitals in â€˜Dâ€™ metropolitan city and the study was conducted from August 10, 2016 to January 17, 2017. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression.
RESULTS
Mean scores for the nursing needs of the participants were 3.54Â±0.79, the family functions were 1.24Â±0.58, the burnouts were 2.74Â±0.49. The burnouts were positively correlated with the nursing needs but inversely correlated with the family function. The factor that had the greatest influence on the burnouts of primary family caregivers of Home Health Care was family function (Î²=âˆ’.245, p=.001), followed by patients' daily activity (Î²=âˆ’.213, p=.014), age (Î²=.208, p=.032), monthly nursing services cost (Î²=âˆ’.196, p=.044) and nursing needs (Î²=.129, p=.014). The Explanatory Power of Models was 23%.
CONCLUSION
Individually customized home care nursing intervention programs are required to be provided in accordance with patient's family function and daily activity, monthly home care nursing service cost, nursing needs and general characteristics of primary caregivers of Home Health Care Patients such as their age, the number of family members living together, sex and the name of disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Roles and Problems of Stroke Caregivers: A Qualitative Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Paryono Muhrodji, Hendrawan Dian Agung Wicaksono, Sekar Satiti, Laksono Trisnantoro, Ismail Setyopranoto, Amelia Nur Vidyanti
F1000Research.2022; 10: 380. CrossRef
Roles and Problems of Stroke Caregivers: A Qualitative Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Paryono Muhrodji, Hendrawan Dian Agung Wicaksono, Sekar Satiti, Laksono Trisnantoro, Ismail Setyopranoto, Amelia Nur Vidyanti
F1000Research.2021; 10: 380. CrossRef
Influence of Self-care on Burnout in Primary Family Caregiver of Person with Dementia
Jeong Hwa Kwon, Gwi-Ryung Son Hong
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(2): 217. CrossRef

The Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium on Cognitive Function and Depression in the Elderly Living in a City: Yu Jin Lee, Yun Su Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2017;28(3):251-259. Published online September 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2017.28.3.251

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study aims to examine the influence of vitamin D and calcium on depression and cognitive function of the elderly living alone in a city.
METHODS
The participants were registered in eight senior centers in S city and they had lived alone. Data were collected between November 28, 2014 and March 7, 2015. A total of 155 people participated in data collection to measure the serum vitamin D, the serum calcium, depression, and cognitive function. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in depression according to gender and perceptions of health status. Depression correlated significantly with the serum calcium and perceptions of health status, and a stepwise regression analysis showed that the perceptions of health status were significant. There were significant differences in cognitive function according to education level and age. Cognitive function correlated significantly with the serum vitamin D and a stepwise regression analysis showed that education level and age were significant.
CONCLUSION
Consequently, elderly people with poor perceptions of their health status need a depressive intervention program and those with a higher age and lower level of education need a cognitive function intervention program.

Depression and Cognitive Function of the Community-dwelling Elderly: Seong Ok Seo, Ae Young So; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2016;27(1):1-8. Published online March 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.1.1

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the depression and cognitive function of community-dwelling older adults.
METHODS
243 aged over 65 in Won-Ju in South Korea participated in this study. Data were collected from April to June 2013 through interviews. This study utilized the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form, the Korean version of MMSE-DS (MMSE for Dementia Screening), and infirmity testing for basic health status. Descriptive statistics, Ï‡2, t-test, ANOVA, ScheffÃ©'s test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used.
RESULTS
75.3% of the participants belonged to the depression group, and the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 17.3%. There were significant differences in depression and cognitive function according to gender, educational level, type of insurance, subjective health, frailty, and whether to be a client of home care service. The level of depression was significantly higher and the level of cognitive functions was significantly lower in older adults in home care services than in community-dwelling older adults.
CONCLUSION
This study is meaningful in that it included older adults in home care services to provide information to develop effective prevention programs for improving cognitive functions. The results of this study can be used to develop future community prevention and intervention.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Analysis of Data from the Eighth Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 2020
Mijung Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2023; 30(2): 236. CrossRef
A Study on the Longitudinal Relationship between Changes in Depression and Cognitive Function among Older Adults Living Alone
Soyoung Park, Kyuhyoung Jeong, Seoyoon Lee
Healthcare.2023; 11(20): 2712. CrossRef
Gender differences in the association between multimorbidity and depression in older Korean adults: an analysis of data from the National Survey of Older Koreans (2011-2017)
SeoYeon Hwang, Jin Young Nam, Jeong Hyun Ahn, Soojin Park
Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022049. CrossRef
A Longitudinal Analysis of the Cognitive Function and Related Factors in Older Adults Using a Multilevel Growth Model
Eunha Jo, Jee Eun Sung, Youngmee Lee
Communication Sciences & Disorders.2021; 26(3): 601. CrossRef
Effects of Cognition, Daily-living Stress, and Health-promotion Behavior on Subjective Memory Complaints by Community-dwelling Elders
Eun Hee Hwang, Kon Hee Kim
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2019; 21(3): 135. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Depressive Symptoms among Korean Older Adults with Chronic Illnesses: Using the 2014 National Survey on Older Adults
Sujin Shin, Eunhee Hwang
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(6): 577. CrossRef
Risk Factors to Cognitive Function and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Living Alone
Jee Young Lee
Stress.2018; 26(4): 259. CrossRef
The Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium on Cognitive Function and Depression in the Elderly Living in a City
Yu-Jin Lee, Yun-Su Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(3): 251. CrossRef
Converged Factors Influencing Depression of Community Dwelling Elderly
Jong-Wook Lee
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2016; 7(5): 237. CrossRef
Effects of a Cognitive Improvement Program on Cognition, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Depression, Life Satisfaction, and Grasping Power in Small Groups
Seo Young Kang, Chong Mi Lee
Journal of muscle and joint health.2016; 23(3): 169. CrossRef

Diabetes and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Yong Suk Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2011;22(4):377-388. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2011.22.4.377

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to examine the relation between diabetes and cognitive function in older adults.
METHODS
Eighty community-dwelling patients with diabetes and 506 subjects without diabetes were studied with cognitive function test. Cognitive function was measured by Full-scale IQ, Basic IQ, Executive IQ, Attention Function Index, Working Memory Index, Language Function Index, Visuospatial Function Index, Memory Function Index, and MMSE-K1.
RESULTS
In model controlling for education, the diabetic group showed significantly lower scores than the non-diabetic group in in Full-scale IQ (p=.012), Basic IQ (p=.034), Executive IQ (p=.014), Attention Function Index (p=.002), Working Memory Index (p=.037), and Memory Function Index (p=.043). The diabetic and non-diabetic groups that were matched for gender, age, and education showed similar differences in 7 out of 9 cognitive measures. The impairments of Full-scale IQ and Memory Function Index in the diabetic group were, respectively, 2.7 and 2.8 times greater than that in the diabetic group.
CONCLUSION
These results showed that diabetes should be considered to a factor of cognitive impairment in older adults.

The Comparison of Functional Status and the Level of Health Care Needs in Elderly Koreans in Health Care Institutions: Hyun Sil Kim, Young Mi Jung, Hung Sa Lee, Yoo Hyang Cho, In Young Yoo; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2010;21(4):386-397. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2010.21.4.386

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare functional status and the level of health care needs in elderly Koreans in health care institutions.
METHODS
Data were collected from 2,521 elderly patients admitted in 50 health care institutions (hospitals, oriental hospitals, geriatric hospitals, and health care facilities) selected through proportional stratified sampling in 2008. We used a long-term care (LTC) assessment tool developed by the government, which consists of 52 items with 5 subscales.
RESULTS
Statistically significant differences were detected in functional status and the level of health care needs among the subjects in different health care institutions. Of the sample population in geriatric hospitals, 48.9% were eligible for LTC Category 1, 20.9% for Category 2, and 17.2% for Category 3, and 13.1% of the subjects were not eligible for any of the categories. Of the sample population in health care facilities, 29.9% were eligible for LTC Category 1, 20.5% for Category 2, and 21.8% for Category 3, and 27.0% of the subjects were not eligible for any of the categories.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study indicate the necessity of the development of an evaluation system that helps determine whether a subject is eligible for LTC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparison of Perceived Health Status, Social Support and Residential Satisfaction in Long-term Care Hospital and Nursing Homes
Dongwon Yun
Journal of East-West Nursing Research.2016; 22(1): 24. CrossRef
Predictive Factors associated with Death of Elderly in Nursing Homes
Kiwol Sung
Asian Nursing Research.2014; 8(2): 143. CrossRef

Family Functioning Perceived by Caregiver Who Support the Elderly: Young Ko; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2009;20(3):361-370. Published online September 30, 2009

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study attempted to identify family functioning recognized by caregiver who support the elderly.
METHODS
Data was collected from 264 caregivers who live with elderly using questionnaires. The performance, satisfaction and importance of family functioning was assessed using the modified FFFS by Kang (1987) consisted of three dimension-'Relationship between Individual Family Members', 'Relationship between family and subsystem' and 'Relationship between family and broader social units'. The data was analyzed using SPSS/WIN by descriptive statistics, ANOVA and pearson's correlation.
RESULTS
The subjected Families showed a median level of performance (mean 4.06 +/- 0.65) and a high level of satisfaction (mean 1.04 +/- 0.71) in family functioning. Families recognized importance of family functioning above median level (mean 4.65 +/- 0.99). There was statistically significant difference in family functioning according to and duration of illness, illness and ADL of the elderly. In dimension of the relationship between individual family members and relationship between family and subsystem, there are significantly positive correlation among all aspect of family functioning. In relationship between family and social units, there are negative correlations between performance and importance (r = -.215) and between satisfaction and importance (r = -.194) while there are positive relationship between performance and satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
Considering the results of this study, family-focused nursing interventions for families with the elderly need to be developed.

The Effects of Smoking Cessation through a Smoking Cessation Counselling Program on Expiratory CO Concentration, BMI, Blood Pressure, Liver Function, and Lipid Metabolism in Smoking Cessation Successes: Kun Ja Lee, Myung Hee Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2008;19(2):234-246. Published online June 30, 2008

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was performed in order to examine the effects of an smoking cessation counselling program for smoking cessation success.
METHOD
Among a total of 468 persons who had ceased from smoking for 6-months and had visited the smoking cessation clinic of a public health center from January 2nd to December 31th in 2006, 61 in all who had a negative reaction in the urine nicotine check were selected for this study. Collected data were expiratory CO concentration, BMI, blood pressure, liver function, and lipid metabolism. These data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, repeated measured ANOVA and paired t-test with the SPSS/PC(Version 12.0) program.
RESULT
There were significant changes in expiratory CO concentration, SBP, DBP, AST, ALT, and TG, but not in BMI, gamma-GTP, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that smoking cessation through a smoking cessation counselling program has partially positive effects for smoking cessation success. The results of this study show that the smoking cessation counselling program at the smoking cessation clinic of a public health center should be continued for smoking cessation success.

Functional Status and Related Factors of Disabled Persons Using WHODAS II: Eun Ok Park, Min Young Kim, Ji Yun Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(4):651-661. Published online December 31, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was performed to identify factors affecting the functional status in disabled persons in the Jeju Province.
METHOD
Data were collected from 318 disabled persons in the Jeju province during the period from the 6th of July to the 11th of October in 2006. The functional status was assessed by the disability assessment schedule II(Whodas II) of the World Health Organization and collected data were analyzed using the SAS 8.0 program.
RESULT
The mean score of WHODAS II was 29.9. According to the results of multiple regression, factors affecting the functional status were perceived health condition(t=3.44, p<.001), brain disorder disability(t=2.55, p<.001), treatment status(t=-1.95, p=.05), drinking(t=2.09, p=.04), stress(t=-2.72, p=.01), depression(t=-2.70, p=.01), heart disease(t=2.62, p=.01) and anemia(t=2.20, p=.03).
CONCLUSION
The functional status was affected by health behaviors, diseases, and the type of disability. Thus, future efforts to promote the functional status of disabled persons may need to take into account all these factors.

The Effects of a Combined Exercise Program and Telephone Counseling on Physiological Functions, Self-efficacy and Depression in Obese Middle-aged Women: Nam Hee Park, Chae In Han, Eun Oak Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(1):69-78. Published online March 31, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to determine the effects of a combined exercise program and telephone counseling in obese middle-aged women. The study also attempted to measure the effects of the program on physiological functions, self-efficacy and depression.
METHOD
This research employed a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The experimental group consisted of 29 obese middle-aged women, and the control group of 30 women. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a combined exercises program and telephone counseling for 12 weeks.
RESULTS
After performing the program for 12 weeks, BMI (p=.000), percent body fat (p<.007), TC (p=.026), TG (p=.035) and depression (p=.012) in the experimental group decreased significantly compared with the control group. Self-efficacy (p=.000) in the experimental group increased significantly compared with the control group after the program.
CONCLUSION
From these findings, it was confirmed that a combined exercises program and telephone counseling for obese middle-aged women can increase self-efficacy and decrease BMI, percent body fat, total cholesterol, triglyceride and depression. Therefore, this program can be utilized for various population groups including women, and further researches are required on programs for men.

The Effects of Constraint-induced Movement Therapy on Affected Upper Limb Functions in Patients with Hemiplegia: Gwang Soo Yoo, Joung Hee Bae; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2006;17(4):482-491. Published online December 31, 2006

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

The Effects of Exercise Program for the Elderly: Tae Im Kim, Kang Yi Lee, Young Im Park, Myung Hee Jun, In Ja Kim, Eun Ju Kim, Dong Ok Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Yun Jung Kwon; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2006;17(3):335-345. Published online September 30, 2006

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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