The Patterns and Risk Factors of Smoking Relapse among People Successful in Smoking Cessation at the Smoking Cessation Clinics of Public Health Centers

Yi Soon Kim; Yun Hee Kim

doi:10.12799/jkachn.2011.22.4.365

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Original Article
The Patterns and Risk Factors of Smoking Relapse among People Successful in Smoking Cessation at the Smoking Cessation Clinics of Public Health Centers: Yi Soon Kim, Yun Hee Kim; Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2014;22(4):365-376.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2011.22.4.365
Published online: April 4, 2014

¹Professor, Department of Nursing, Dongeui University, Korea.

²Full-time Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Pukyong National University, Korea.

• Received: October 11, 2011 • Revised: December 5, 2011 • Accepted: December 5, 2011

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Abstract

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of smoking relapse and to identify risk factors related to smoking relapse among those successful in smoking cessation at the smoking cessation clinics of public health centers.
Methods
Data were collected from 1,705 six-month quitters and analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model.
Results
The rate of smoking relapse was 38.2% in 1 year, 44.4% in 2 years, and 47.8% in 5 years. The vast majority of relapse (62.3%) occurred within the first six months after quitting. The risk factors related to smoking relapse were age (HR 1.964: 95% CI 1.545, to 2.497), nicotine dependence (HR 1.293: 95% CI 1.087 to 1.539), problem drinking (HR 1.497: 95% CI 1.116 to 2.008), behavioral therapy type (HR 1.398: 95% CI 1.193 to 1.638), and nicotine replacement therapy type (HR 1.363: 95% CI 1.077 to 1.724).
Conclusion
For reducing smoking relapse, it is necessary to develop a smoking relapse prevention program for the first six months after quitting and to strengthen behavioral therapy in the course of smoking cessations clinics.
Key Words: Smoking; Relapse; Smoking cessation

Figure 1

Pattern of smoking relapse over time

Figure 2

Smoking relapse rate by comprehensive smoking cessation intervention type

Table 1

Characteristics of Study Population (N=1,705)

Table 2

Hypertension Types by Hypertension 'Yes' or 'No' (N=1,705)

Table 3

Differences of Smoking Relapse Rates by Characteristics of Study Population (N=715)

^†2-year cumulative relapse rate; ^‡p value based on the "log-rank" test.

Table 4

Risk Factors related to Smoking Relapse

CI=confidence interval.

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